Tax Day rolls around every April — yet the last major update to the U.S. tax system was in 1986, almost 30 years ago.
Think about how much has changed since then. In 1985, Microsoft Windows was released. Since then, Microsoft has released more than 20 updates to its operating system.
Updating the tax system is one of the perennial policy issues politicians enjoy talking about. And it could be a key policy debate this year and next.
But whether all the talk, hand-wringing and head-nodding will actually result in change is yet to be seen. Because while there’s consensus in Washington that reform needs to happen, there’s significant disagreement on how to do it.
A recent study on American attitudes and support for tax reform conducted by the American Perceptions Initiative, a project of The Heritage Foundation, found that only a slight majority of Americans support tax reform (52 percent), in part, because of limited familiarity with what “tax reform” actually means.
However, once respondents became more familiar with the current system and the possibility of alternate approaches, the level of support for tax reform among Americans jumped significantly to 71 percent. Only 5 percent believe the system is working just fine.
Americans are uncertain about what reform could mean, how it would affect them, and whether they trust Washington to tackle the problem.
A majority of Americans (75 percent) wants to “keep taxes as low as possible to stimulate investment and growth.” And their desire to fix the current tax system is built on the concerns that it’s “unfair, corrupt and too complex.”
Everyone agrees the tax system should be fair. Americans currently feel “some people are getting away with not paying their fair share.” Similarly, a majority agrees the current system encourages cronyism, gives government too much power to pick winners and losers and is too complex.
But it’s not clear that they trust Washington to be able to fix it: Seventy-nine percent say Washington is incompetent and corrupt and cannot be trusted.
When asked what “fairness” means, 56 percent believe fairness means everyone pays an equal share or percentage. Those that make more will ultimately pay more — 25 percent of a million-dollar salary is obviously more than 25 percent of a $50,000 salary. Forty-four percent believe fairness means those with more should pay more (that is, a higher percentage).
With this as a backdrop, any attempt at tax reform should focus on the concerns of fairness, corruption and complexity. An updated tax system that would garner the most support would:
▪ Ensure the entire tax burden is transparent.
▪ Close loopholes for corporations and individuals.
▪ Eliminate special tax breaks for highly profitable businesses.
▪ Institute changes that increase the amount of money individuals take home.
While voters are not very familiar with alternative systems, there are clearly appealing aspects to them. In fact, after learning just a little bit about three alternatives — National Sales Tax, Business Transfer Tax, Flat Tax — only one in five (20 percent) would want to continue with our current federal income tax system. Eighty percent would prefer one of the other alternatives.
Americans are ready to support changes to the tax system. To build that support, the language of reform is important. Highlighting the top concerns and problems with the current system heightens the demand for change.
Politicians would be wise to put forward a plan to update the tax system that treats everyone fairly, is simple and straightforward, rewards hard work and savings, and eliminates special privileges.
Matthew Streit is vice president of strategic communications at The Heritage Foundation.
©2015 The Heritage Foundation
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