HALF BROKE HORSES: A True-Life Novel. Jeannette Walls. Scribner. 270 pages. $25.

Most children resist learning their parents' lessons, making adulthood a time to ascertain where life went wrong -- or right. Jeannette Walls first mined personal history for answers in her bestselling debut memoir The Glass Castle and continues to excavate her unusual family mores in her new true-life novel.

This humorous categorization is a smart disclosure and a purposeful dig at authors who fictionalize aspects of memoirs yet still call them nonfiction. Walls has filled in gaps and invented dialogue throughout this homage to her spunky maternal grandmother Lily Casey. Lily's distinct, first-person narrative voice brings immediacy to Walls' inclusion of seemingly every moment and memory from 1901, Lily's birth year, to the year Walls was born, which also positions the novel as a prequel to The Glass Castle.

Lily's early life takes place on a ranch in Salt Draw, Texas, where her father trained carriage horses but couldn't ride them, having been kicked in the head by one at age 3. His lovable idiosyncrasies -- like perpetually campaigning for phonetic spelling -- energize these segments of the book. Lily's mother, who thought work better left to men and with whom Lily doesn't identify, fades like a wallflower.

Lily compensates for her father's physical handicap, working so hard on the ranch that a brief boarding school stint feels like a vacation, and she keeps her eyes on the future. One of the first lessons she learns from her father is that ``no matter how much he hated or feared the future, it was coming and there was only one way to deal with it: by climbing aboard.''

Such practical ambition is arguably Lily's defining characteristic, and Walls sketches her only in positive light, emphasizing Lily's resourcefulness, work ethic and independence. She's presented as rough around the edges and proud of it, a free-spirited model of self-sufficiency and women's liberation dedicated to finishing her college degree and buckling down during hard times to support her dreams and her family. She anchors a sprawling story that unfolds along the undulating backbone of early American life, through two wars, prohibition, suffrage, the Great Depression, the rise of the automobile, the airplane -- complete with canvas cockpits -- and city life.

Walls avoids the interior lives of the men in Lily's life, with her husband a supporting cast member and her son a mere extra. The novel is really about women, from Lily's tragic sister Helen, who dreamed of becoming an actress, to Walls' mother Rosemary, a firecracker Lily lovingly describes as ``a little like a half-broke horse.''

The portrait Walls seems most charmed by is that of tough, headstrong women who make their own luck with whatever they possess, learning from mistakes along the way. Throughout life Lily sees every event as a lesson and works hard to impart that perspective to Rosemary. ``I tried to make her see that everything in life . . . was a lesson, but it was up to her to figure out what she'd learned,'' Lily says; but in this case, Walls is the one figuring out what is learned, just as we are each left to make sense of how those who came before us shape who we are now.

Christine Thomas is a writer in Hawaii.

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