In Lincoln, director Steven Spielberg delivers all the necessary elements of a film that could fend off Argo and Zero Dark Thirty and win the Oscar for best picture on Sunday. A surprisingly lively portrayal of President Abraham Lincoln and the legislative sausage-making he instigated to pass the 13th Amendment, the movie displays historical gravitas, burnished production values and a galvanizing performance from its lead actor.

What Lincoln doesn’t deliver, however, is a depiction of the very institution the 13th Amendment was adopted to eradicate. Enslaved people and the terror they endured in the 19th-century South are never portrayed. Instead, Spielberg confines his epic almost entirely to the close environs of 1865 Washington and its rambunctious halls of power.

For a horrifying and heightened depiction of slavery and its predations, viewers are better served by Quentin Tarantino’s Django Unchained, a best-picture nominee along with Lincoln and one that does a better job at marrying medium to message in a direct, startling and meaningful way.

What’s wrong with this picture? Spielberg, arguably America’s premier narrative filmmaker, studiously avoids the central question around which his story revolves, while Tarantino — an artist of diametrically opposed, gleefully down-market sensibilities — takes it on with exploitative excess, through the brazenly anachronistic visual style and promiscuous violence of a B-class spaghetti Western.

It could be that to capture the perversity of a system of kidnapped human beings who were routinely bought, sold, raped, maimed and murdered, it takes genre filmmaking at its most graphic and hyperbolic. How else can movies make proper symbolic sense of America’s bloodiest, most shameful chapter?

Indeed, the genre Tarantino reinvigorates in Django Unchained is spectacularly well-suited to convey what was once called our “peculiar institution.” The story of an escaped slave (played by Jamie Foxx in the film) and a German bounty hunter (Christoph Waltz) going on a killing spree in the name of love and retribution might strike some as perverse. But if the scenes Tarantino stages — of a man being torn apart by dogs, another being castrated and a woman emerging half-dead from captivity in a metal “hot” box — are cruel and extreme, how better to capture the physical and psychic wounds suffered by generations of enslaved people?

Tarantino does not play those sequences for laughs, although he takes wicked delight in skewering the Ku Klux Klan and mocking a collaborationist house servant (Samuel L. Jackson). But even at its most lurid, preposterous and ahistorical, Django Unchained communicates truths that more solemn, self-serious treatises might miss.

In that unlikely success, Tarantino’s genre exercise has some company: Last summer’s campy comedy Abraham Lincoln: Vampire Hunter did something similar, when the Railsplitter burst forth as an ax-wielding superhero who single-handedly vanquished a Confederate States of America that turned out to be populated by voracious, blood-sucking freaks of nature. Peculiar, indeed.

Just as Tarantino ingeniously compares slavery to bounty hunting — both of which commodify the human body — Vampire Hunter, based on a book by Seth Grahame-Smith, draws a crafty parallel between slave owners and their vampire allies, themselves in need of human bodies for sanguinary nourishment. Much as 1950s science fiction addressed Cold War anxieties and The Twilight Zone obliquely confronted the social issues roiling the 1960s, Django and Vampire H unter use exploitation and pulp-horror films to simultaneously critique and deflate the racist pathologies they portray.