If you were the artistic wife of a sailor back in 17th century France, you didn’t let modest means deter you from decorating your home in style.

You transformed your husband’s old sails into beautifully painted floor coverings that rivaled those in wealthy homes. British sailors started bringing them back as souvenirs, and a fad with impressive reach and longevity was born.

The heavy canvases — called “oilcloths” in Britain and “floorcloths” when the art came to North America — would be painted with simple or elaborate designs depending on the skill level of the artists (often house painters) and the financial status of homeowners. The term “oilcloth” probably refers to the oil-based paints and linseed oil coatings applied to the canvases.

Waterproof, insect resistant and sturdy, floorcloths became just as popular in American homes. Thomas Jefferson, George Washington and John Adams had floorcloths in their homes; you can still see one at Mount Vernon — a solid green, as Washington sought to simulate the grass outdoors inside.

Near the start of the 20th century, the advent of mass-produced linoleum sent labor-intensive floorcloths out of style, but in the ‘60s and again more recently, artists have rediscovered the craft.

Julie Biggs of Pickerington, Ohio, paints hers with contemporary designs like polka dots or naif flowers in hues of pink, turquoise, yellow and charcoal gray. A green polka dot rug would look fresh and young in a child’s room.

She’s playing with other ideas, too.

“My favorite technique right now is a layered, worn look, which includes several layers of designs on one floorcloth,” Biggs says. “Once I’m finished painting each layer, I sand off some of the top to let the sub-layers peek through. It gives the floorcloth a warm, loved look that’s very charming. Recently, I’ve been inspired by the colors and designs of modern fabrics and quilts.”

Lisa Curry Mair crafts her rugs in a 200-year-old farmhouse in Weathersfield, Vt., adorned with many of her creations. She brings a love of history, children’s book illustrations and mathematics to her designs.

A mariner’s compass, an artichoke and a woven, cane-like pattern are among her bestsellers, and she does custom designs. The hardest thing to get across, she says, is how durable the pieces are. That’s largely due to the number of “hobby” crafters producing inferior product, she says.

“They use lightweight canvas, cheap paint and finishes. A floorcloth in a high-traffic kitchen should stand up to dogs, kids and all kinds of abuse,” Mair says.

A good heavy floorcloth should lie flat with no bumps or ripples, she says. “When I make floorcloths for museums, they must stand up to 30,000 visitors a year walking on them.”

Lucia Blum of Wilmington, N.C., gives rugs a folk-art look. Cat Nap features a black and white cat surrounded by the stuff of cat dreams: goldfish, birds and mice. Bunny romps on a green field circled by carrots and radishes.

Faith Wilson takes a painterly approach to her often haunting, evocative canvases. Gingko leaves, conifers and little black birds inhabit softly hued, sepia-washed backgrounds.

If you’re interested in trying your hand at the floorcloth craft yourself, HGTV’s website offers instructions. Mair’s website has a how-to video plus a supplies shop.