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Prescription drug dangers

Whitney Houston’s death raises issues of mixing meds with alcohol

 

Drinking and medications don’t mix, especially when taking meds like Xanax. Whitney Houston’s death has raised issues about combining prescription drugs with alcohol.

Taking care

The Centers for Disease Control offers tips on how to reduce the problems associated with mixing prescription drugs.

Individuals should:

• Not mix alcohol with medication.

• Use prescription drugs only as directed by a health care provider.

• Don’t share drugs.

• Store medications in a secure place and dispose of them properly upon expiration.

Health insurers should:

• Adopt a state-run Prescription Drug Monitoring Program (PDMP) of electronic databases to track the dispensing and prescribing of prescription drugs to patients.

• Set up review programs to identify and address improper prescribing and use of painkillers.

• Look for alternatives to prescribing pills to reduce pain, such as physical therapy, and fund substance abuse treatment.

Health care providers should:

• Screen and monitor for substance abuse, mental health problems or alcoholism.

• Prescribe pills only when other treatments have not worked.

• Prescribe only the quantity needed to treat the ailment.

• Offer stronger warnings about the dangers of mixing prescription medicine and drink.

Best-sellers

IMS Health, a healthcare information company, tracks the sales of all prescription drugs. IMS tracks all pharmaceutical distribution channels, including retail stores, independent and mail service pharmacies, hospitals and clinics, prisons and universities and others.

The Top 5 benzodiazepines (anti-anxiety meds) in 2011

1. Alprazolam, $103.6 million

2. Diazepam, $70.5 million

3. Lorazepam, $64.9 million

4. Midazolam, $47.2 million

5. Xanax, $46.6 million


hcohen@MiamiHerald.com

The eulogies for pop superstar Whitney Houston have been delivered and she was laid to rest Sunday near her late father. The round-the-clock coverage of the 48-year-old singer following her Feb. 11 death will subside.

But Houston’s passing has already sparked widespread discussion on the dangers of mixing prescription pills, especially mixing medications with alcohol. Bottles of prescription pills were found inside Houston’s hotel room and are said to have included the anti-anxiety medication Xanax, the antibiotic amoxicillin for an upper respiratory infection, and the pain medication Ibuprofen. She was drinking champagne in the days leading up to her death, including at a pre-Grammy party in which she was photographed looking disheveled.

Official results from toxicology tests on Houston’s body are expected to take a month or more to release.

Whatever the report states, the message that emerged is clear: mixing drugs and alcohol can be deadly.

Rising deaths

Nationwide, one person dies every 19 minutes of prescription drug overdoses, which works out to about 27,000 annually, a rate that now outnumbers deaths involving cocaine and heroin combined, reports the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

That’s an increase from 2008, when one or more prescription drugs were responsible for about 20,000 deaths. That year, opiate pain relievers like Vicodin, OxyContin and Percocet accounted for 14,800 deaths, an almost fourfold increase from 1999.

About half of the prescription painkiller deaths involved at least one other drug, including anti-anxiety drugs such as the popular Xanax and Alprazolam. Cocaine, heroin and alcohol also figure in the mix.

For instance, the stimulant cocaine, which raises blood pressure and can lead to stroke, heart attack and artery damage, often is chased with a Xanax tablet, a depressant, after a night of partying to come down from the high to coax sleep. Alcohol, also a depressant, is another popular counter to the jittery effect of coke.

“Someone who abuses cocaine and brings themselves down with the use of alcohol or Xanax have this additive effect of two depressants on the brain center that makes us breathe. You go into a coma and stop breathing and die,” warns Dr. Ihsan Salloum, director of the alcohol and drug abuse treatment program at the University of Miami Miller School of Medicine.

In 2010, more than 12 million Americans aged 12 and older used prescription drugs — whether prescribed directly or obtained via someone else’s prescription — for nonmedical reasons to attain a high many of these drugs can cause, not unlike cocaine. Sales of prescription drugs have tripled from 2000 to 2009, leading to the higher death rates. An average of seven people die every day in Florida as a result of prescription drug abuse, according to the Florida Department of Law Enforcement.

Dr. Sanjay Gupta, CNN chief medical correspondent, attributes the number of deaths to a perception that legal drugs are safe and the increased availability of prescribed medications.

“One is a perception issue. The perception is if you are prescribed medication given by a doctor, while it might not be a great idea to misuse it, it’s not going to kill you. Doctors say, ‘Don’t drink if you are taking this medication’ and it seems a courtesy warning. Whereas, a warning that a person dies every 19 minutes would be a stronger warning,” Gupta said in a telephone interview .

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